(Kim and Jang (1999), although, no significant change in BUN and serum creatinine levels is noticed during administration of propofol anaesthesia in dogs (Kwon et al., 1999) and during diazepam-propofol-ketamine anaesthesia in goats (Kelawala et al., 1991). Propofol Pro-or anticonvulsant? 6 The seizuring cat. J. Vet. Advantages discussed include use of TIVA and TCI to minimize post operative nausea and vomiting, optimize neuro monitoring, and improve the quaility of recovery from general anesthesia. Propofol produces effective general anaesthesia in combination with ketamine and medetomidine in dogs. Br. Matsubara, H. Stevanin, Barros-GPR-de and de-Barros-GPR (2003). Many questions from past papers have asked the canddiates to compare and contrast various sedative and analgesic agents. Propofol-halothane produces higher respiration rate as compared to thiopentone sodium-halothane in dogs (Redondo et al., 1999). 54 : 307. Anaesthesia with propofol can be successfully induced after premedication with alpha-2 agonists in dogs (Thurmon et al., 1995; Kim and Jang, 1999), horses (Matthews et al., 1999), sheep (Lin et al., 1997) and goats (Caroll et al., 1998; Amarpal et al., 2002). For this, it may be used along with drugs having analgesic and adequate muscle relaxant properties. 72 : 565-566. J. Vet. Sharaf (1994). Cardiopulmonary effects of propofol infusion in llamas. (propofol) injectable emulsion, USP is a sterile, nonpyrogenic emulsion containing 10 mg/mL of propofol suitable for intravenous administration. Haemoglobin oxygen saturation (SaO2%) following propofol anaesthesia is observed to be 85.4 per cent and after etomidate administration as 88.6 per cent indicating slight hypoxemia in dogs. Ankur Sharma* Vet. Vet. Funkquist P.; A.M. Lofgren and G. Nyman (1993). Rec. As the vehicle is capable of supporting bacterial growth, aseptic conditions are to be maintained in removing propofol from either ampoules or vials (Andrews et al., 1997). Bettschart R.; M. Bowen, S.L. The discussion section of each question offers a tabulated answer. Surg. ; and R.C. Singh; A.K. 60 : 213-217. J. Anaesth. Combination of xylazine and propofol is used to induce surgical anaesthesia in dogs (Kim and Jang, 1999; Cullen and Reynoldson 1993), cats (Robinson et al., 1995), sheep (Lin et al., 1997), goats (Amarpal et al., 2002) and horses (Mama et al, 1996). Surg. J. Vet. The present formulation consists of 1 per cent propofol in intralipid, a parental nutritional agent consisting of 10 per cent soybean oil, 2.25 per cent glycerol and 1.2 per cent purified egg phosphate. Analg. Singh N.K. Homodynamics and cardiodynamics effects of propofol and etomidate negative inotropic properties of propofol. It is demonstrated to possess anticonvulsant properties which are similar to those of thiopentone (Lowson et al., 1990; DeRiu et al., 1992). (Singh et al., 2003) 1995) Reynoldson. Redondo L.J. Particularly du- ring procedures lasting longer than 60 minutes, the higher cost is considered significant (Short and Bufa- … ; K. Leslie, D.I. Muir W.W. and J.E. Cardiopulmonary, anesthetic and postanesthetic effects of intravenous infusions of propofol in Greyhounds and non-Greyhounds. Start studying advantages/disadvantages of specific inhalation anesthetics. Klinik fuer Nutztiere und Pferde, University of Berne, Switzerland. (Hellebrekers and Sap, 1997) Advances in propofol pharmacokinetics and pharmaco-dynamics. It is mainly because of the smooth and fast recovery from propofol-induced anaesthesia whether it is given as bolus or continuous infusion (Hall and Chambers, 1987). RE: Advantages and Disadvantages of being a veterinarian -mohan thakur (03/11/18) thanks .its really help me to know about to be a vet and i will carry on towards my goal; RE: Advantages and Disadvantages of being a veterinarian -maddie s. (01/24/18) … Comparative response to propofol anaesthesia alone and with alpha 2-adrenergic medications in a canine model. Propofol, a weak organic acid with a pKa of 11.0 remains almost entirely unionized at pH 7.4. Propofol is being widely used as an anaesthetic drug in human patients (Andrews et al., 1997). The effect of xylazine premedication on propofol anaesthesia in the dog. Clinical evaluation of propofol-ketamine anaesthesia in diazepam premedicated goats (Capra hircus). J. Anaesth. and R. Sap (1997). Anaesth. Lumb W.V. Unlike many other anesthetics, propofol does not have any pain relieving properties. Propofol infusion after premedication with detomidine-ketamine produces no significant change in respiration rate in ponies (Flaherty et al., 1997). Slight increase in AST and protein values is reported in dogs when anaesthetized with methotrimeprazine-propofol (Aguiar et al., 1994). ; P.J. The duration of administration depends on the condition being treated, response to the medication and the development of any adverse effects. Scand. Fandy E.G. Propofol-Lipuro Vet 10 mg/ml emulsion for injection. google_ad_type = "text_image"; Originally published in the November 2014 issue of Veterinary Practice News Twelve years after an application was sent to the Food and Drug Administration, a new anesthetic drug, alfaxalone, just became available on the U.S. veterinary market. Comparison of two techniques for total intravenous anesthesia in horses. 64 : 59-63. Propofol, an alkylphenol derivative, is a relatively new hypnotic agent that appears to have several advantages over thiopental for certain procedures. 2006b(4): Describe the advantages and disadvantages of rocuronium for RSI. (Guzel et al., 2006). Ffarcsi and F. Bertrand (1990). R.S.Pura, Jammu (J&K)-181102 India, Keywords: Propofol | Anaesthetic | Veterinary |. (Cullen and Reynoldson, 1993). Propofol is safe and valid anaesthesia for dogs irrespective of anaesthetic risk and type of surgery (Redondo et al., 1999). Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia. Mama K.R. Revista-Brasileira-de-Ciencia-Veterinaria. In addition to the active component, propofol, the formulation also contains soybean oil (100 mg/mL), glycerol (22.5 mg/mL), benzyl alcohol (20 mg/mL), … Dundee and M. Bahar (1982). (Bettschart et al., 2001a) While generally safe and effective when prescribed by a veterinarian, propofol can cause side effects in some animals. It can be diluted for continuous infusion in 5 per cent dextrose, but it should not be diluted to a concentration less than 2 mg/ml (Weaver and Raptopoulos, 1990). (Vuyk et al., 1990). (Singh et al., 2003 and Genccelep et al., 2005) Gomez (1997). The structural formula is: C 12 H 18 O M.W. Carroll G.L. Propofol has also been used to control seizures unresponsive to standard anticonvulsants. Detomidine-propofol anaesthesia for abdominal surgery in horses. Slater, S.M. Quandt J.E. Significant increase in total protein and albumin values is noticed after propofol anaesthesia in dogs premedicated with xylazine. The cardiac output and cardiac index are also similar. Suspected anaphylactoid reactions to cremaphor-EL. Blood gas and electrolyte changes during propofol anaesthesia in buffalo calves. Gupta and M.S. J. Anaesth. Pharmacology of intravenous anaesthetics and hypnotics in general anaesthesia. Xylazine-propofol and medetomidine-propofol combination produces bradycardia in goats which is more pronounced after premedication with medetomidine (Amarpal et al., 2002). 29th Annual Congress of Ind. Detomidine-propofol anaesthesia is not suitable for surgical procedures in horses, if dorsal recumbency is necessary and supplemental oxygen is not available. Induction of anaesthesia is rapid and smooth after administration of propofol alone in goats (Reid et al., 1993), sheep (Zama et al., 2003b, Singh et al., 2003), buffalo calves (Zama et al., 2005, camel (Fahmy et al., 1995), ponies (Flaherty et al., 1997) and dogs (Bayan et al., 2002) or in combination with diazepam-xylazine in camels (Fahmy et al., 1995), with medetomidine in ponies (Bettschart et al., 2001a), with detomidine-guaifenesin in equines (Aguiar et al., 1993), with inhaled anaesthesia (Bufalari et al., 1998) and with diazepam-etomidate (Guzel et al., 2006) in dogs. Sluggish to absent corneal reflex is observed after induction of propofol anaesthesia in calves. ; V. Petruzzi and C. Testa (1992). Med. (Mathews et al.,1999) Rec. J. Vet. The Pros of Operating a Mobile Vet Practice . Res. Horowtiz, P.H. Cullen L.K. Propofol-Lipuro Vet 10 mg/ml emulsion for injection. Kweon (2002). Moderate bradycardia is also observed in dogs anaesthetized with butorphanol-propofol and acetylpromazine-butorphanol-propofol combinations (Bufalari et al., 1997). 2 : 111-114. Gupta, S. Kumar and A. Kalita (2003b). Hall and K.W. David W.P.A.B. Kim, H.R. Propofol, PropoFlo® or  Rapinovet®, is an injectable anesthetic unrelated to any other general anesthetic agent sometimes used for dogs and cats. 126 : 617-620. Cardiorespiratory and anesthetic effects of propofol and thiopental in dogs. Stegmann G.F. and L. Bester (2001). Propofol received much media attention as the drug Michael Jackson used nightly to “sleep”. google_alternate_color = "FFFFFF"; (Genccelep et al., 2005). Clin. Smith, L.; G.A.Greene and M.P. Uson (1996). Br. U. Schatzmann. The most important disadvantage of propofol- based TIVAstill seems to be the cost. Res. Langley M.S. Res. Kass and R. Ofri (2002). Res. Med. 16:86-94. Propofol is to be administered intravenously only. 5 : 14-21. Hennis and A.J.L. Am .J. Res. It is difficult to intubate goats which receive propofol less than 3.80 mg/kg b.wt., whereas, intubation is achieved easily after administration of propofol @ 5 mg/kg (Pablo et al., 1997). Premedication effects of intravenously administered midazolam before propofol - isoflurane induction of anaesthesia in bitches undergoing ovariohysterectomy decreases the induction dose of propofol to 7.4 mg/kg instead of 9.5 mg/kg and is associated with adverse respiratory effects. Thurmon, J.C.; W.J. Pandey and B. Singh (2003). Anesthesiology 73 : 329. Propofol-isoflurane anaesthesia for caesarian section in bitches. Clin. An increase in end expiratory CO2 partial pressure in dogs is reported with the use of medetomidine-propofol combination (Scabell et al., 1999). (1999). Yoo et al., (2002) observed propofol better than thiopentone sodium as an anaesthetic induction agent in dogs and its administration as continuous infusion is found to be superior to intermittent injections. ; S.M. A decrease in haematocrit, haemoglobin and RBC count values and an increase in WBC count values after surgery performed under acetylpromazine-propofol anaesthesia in dogs is recorded (Gill et al.1996) Propofol posseses moderate analgesic properties as demonstrated in humans (Briggs et al., 1982). Propofol gets completely and rapidly metabolized to the sulphate and glucuronic conjugates having no hypnotic properties, and are mainly eliminated by the kidneys. Proceedings of the 4th International Congress of Veterinary Anaesthesia, Utrecht, Netherlands 25-31 August 1991. (Caroll et al.,1998). Body temperature and Heart rate significantly decrease after propofol injection. Bjorksten (1997). Cullen L.K. Lofgren and E.M. Fahlbrink (1997). Lerche P.; A.M. Nolan and J. Reid (2000). Elelctrocardiographic and oxygen saturation studies during propofol and etomidate anaesthesia in dogs. Farag, M.B. Short (1999). Propofol (Diprivan®, Rapinovet®, Propoflo®), an alkyl phenol hypnotic has been investigated as a widely used intravenous anaesthetic in dogs and cats. and A.L. Propofol following medetomidine premedication has been reported to produce good muscle relaxation and analgesia in dogs (Thurmon et al., 1995) and in goats (Carroll et al., 1998). google_color_link = "003366"; With proper monitoring, these are typically temporary effects. Propofol : a review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and use as an intravenous anaesthetic. Med. All haematological parameters are reported to be within the physiological limits during propofol anaesthesia in sheep (Brzeski et al., 1994). ; D.H. Reidesel and D.C. Dyer (1993). [Advantages and disadvantages of anesthesia induction with propofol in comparison with barbiturates]. Rapid and smooth anaesthesia without any untoward cardiovascular effect is observed in dogs following intravenous administration of diazepam @ 0.5 mg/kg, propofol @ 4 mg/kg and etomidate @ 2 mg/kg. These responses led to the development of an alternative formulation for propofol. Small. Autonomic Nervous System Drugs; Anesthetics; AnalgesicsAnticonvulsant Drugs, ©Copyright 1999 - 2021. (Genccelep et al., 2005). Veterinary Anaesthesia. propofol (≤5 seconds) may be associated with an increased incidence of apnea1.