proposed INN: list 104", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). [9] This is the case for antigen-binding fragments[10] and single-chain variable fragments,[11] among other artificial proteins. We can do the same thing with medicine prefixes and suffixes. zumab, for the anti-cancer monoclonal antibody drug Herceptin. -mab to identify it as a monoclonal antibody (MAb) The source suffixes are as follows: 1. proposed INN: list 98", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). The suffix mab is a common stem for all monoclonal antibodies. The next-to-last syllable refers to the source of the antibody. [9][27], In October 2008, the WHO convoked a working group to revise the nomenclature of monoclonal antibodies, to meet challenges discussed in April the same year. In fact, its hard to tune into any media today without seeing advertisements for drugs that end in -mab. This suffix is the telltale sign the medication belongs to the larger group of monoclonal antibody treatments. Sub-stem B for this drug is -o-, which indicates it is derived from a mouse source. Due to the collaboration between the WHO and the United States Adopted Names Council, antibody USANs have the same structure and are largely identical to INNs. We know that pronouncing bamlanivimab is a challenge, but if the drug lives up to its promise, we will all be celebrating! These three substems did not indicate the foreign species used for production. [30][5], Naming scheme for assigning generic, or nonproprietary, names to monoclonal antibodies, skeletal muscle mass related growth This segment is under the control of the drug developer; Segment two denotes the target or disease class, to which a vowel may be added to aid pronunciation This is another type of antibody drug. Monoclonal antibodies are those that were produced in identical cells, often artificially, and so share the same target object. [7], This naming scheme is used for both the World Health Organizations International Nonproprietary Names (INN)[8] and the United States Adopted Names (USAN)[1] for pharmaceuticals. All antibody drugs end in mab, which stands for monoclonal antibody. Finally, the suffix -mab- simply stands for monoclonal antibody. proposed INN: list 100 (prepublication copy)", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). [23], The principle of monoclonal antibody production, called hybridoma technology, was published in 1975 by Georges Khler and Csar Milstein,[24] who were awarded the 1984 Medicine Nobel Prize for their discovery together with Niels Kaj Jerne. They mostly consist of a consonant, plus a vowel which is omitted if the source substem begins with a vowel. Printable PDF version prefix, root, suffix examples (generic names) drug class or drug category -asone betamethasone; dexamethasone; diflorasone; [] Upon completion of this course, the succes The mab in bamlanivimabs name identifies it as a monoclonal antibody. Drug Names Stems, Prefixes, Roots and Suffixes. See the list of FDA-approved therapeutic monoclonal antibodies in the monoclonal antibody therapy page. Suffix -mab (pharmacology) monoclonal antibody; Usage notes . proposed INN: list 81", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). Drug Suffixes that provide clues to the type of drug: Drugs with these Endings. Sub-stem B in the nomenclature of antibody drugs indicates the animal source of the antibody. Generic names for drugs (not brand names) end in the letters You will sometimes see the suffix -pab- which stands for polyclonal antibody. The Names of Targeted Therapies Give Clues to How They Work. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_monoclonal_antibodies The table below shows the various name stems used in this effort. For polyclonal mixtures of antibodies, "-pab" is used. Tyrosine kinase inhibitionsub stem -tinib (i.e., imatinib) Proteasome inhibition-zomib (i.e., bortezomib) Clyclin-dependent kinase inhibition-ciclib (i.e., seliciclib) Segment one is a prefix and should be random and distinctive. Abbreviation for monoclonal antibody. This is true of most official generic names such as those we label as [USAN] for United States Adopted Name. [1], The prefix carries no special meaning. -ane: volatile/inhalational general anesthetics. proposed INN: list 110", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). Substems developed in 1997 to describe antibody origin. Others mibs approved for use in the United States include bortezomib and carfilzomib. The FDA must believe that bamlanivimab works against the coronavirus because the agency just granted this MAB (monoclonal antibody) emergency use authorization (EUA).Thats a very big deal! Printable PDF version prefix, root, suffix examples (generic names) drug class or drug category -asone betamethasone; dexamethasone; diflorasone; [] proposed INN: list 83", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). squamous cell carcinoma, head and neck cancer, prevention of organ transplant rejections, immunological diseases, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), pancreatic cancer, platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta, neovascular age-related macular degeneration, Crohn's disease, psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and asthma, gastrointestinal, lung, and other cancers, relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, immunologically mediated inflammatory disorders, non-small cell lung, head & neck, urothelial cancer, multiple sclerosis, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, solid tumors and hematologic malignancies, systemic lupus erythematosus, graft-versus-host disease, Fab': fragment, antigen-binding, including hinge region (one arm), di-scFv: dimeric single-chain variable fragment, This page was last edited on 29 April 2021, at 23:58. Substems were added in 1997 to describe the antibody origin (Table 1). proposed INN: list 91", "Immunotherapy of recurrent Bcell malignancies after allo SCT with Bi20 (FBTA05), a trifunctional anti-CD3 x anti-CD20 antibody and donor lymphocyte infusion", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). [2] The old system employed seven different substems for tumor targets, depending on the type of tumor. Other antibody parts (such as Fc regions) and antibody mimetics use different naming schemes. The suffix "-mab" is used for monoclonal antibodies, antibody fragments and radiolabeled antibodies. -promazine. The nomenclature of monoclonal antibodies is a naming scheme for assigning generic, or nonproprietary, names to monoclonal antibodies.This naming scheme is used for both the World Health Organizations International Nonproprietary Names (INN) and the United States Adopted Names (USAN) for pharmaceuticals. -afil: erectile dysfunction. All these drugs can be identified by their suffix each representing their class. proposed INN: list 97", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). Monoclonal antibody have suffix or stem and these class of drugs have name end as mab , nib , nab or mib. The suffix "-mab" is used for monoclonal antibodies, antibody fragments and radiolabeled antibodies. To take an example, the common mab stem, placed as a suffix, denotes a monoclonal antibody. Over the last two decades, several landmark drugs have been proven efficient, paving way for personalized medicine and biomarker derived treatments. There are broad families of medicines which have either the same suffix, root or prefix. The Understanding and Managing The stem -mab is used for monoclonal antibodies as well as for their fragments, as long as at least one variable domain (the domain that contains the target binding structure) is included. These drug prefixes, roots, and suffixes apply only to generic names. Therapeutic, prophylactic and diagnostic agents are not distinguished by this nomenclature. Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act) on or before March 23, 2020, when such products are deemed to be licensed under section 351 of the PHS Act on March 23, 2020 (section In general, word stems are used to identify classes of drugs, in most cases placed word-finally. -mab refers to Monoclonal Antibody which is a class of proteins made by the immune system that allows it to actively respond to foreign pathogens, virus infected cells, or cancerous cells. Monoclonal antibody drugs are cancer treatments that enlist natural immune system functions to fight cancer. mab = monoclonal antibody. -azine: phenothiazine/neuroleptic/antimetric. These drugs may be used in combination with other cancer treatments. [5] The difficulty in capturing the complexity and subtleties of the many methods by which antibody drugs can be produced is one of the reasons that the INN dropped the source substem. Alacizumab pegol is a PEGylated humanized antibody targeting the circulatory system. Drugs: Bupivacine, cocaine, lidocaine, xylocaine. {{Infobox drug}} parameters. These include prefixes, suffixes, and other indicators that trained people can use to figure out the origin of the drug. Fortunately, generic names tend to follow patterns, with prefixes and suffixes often determining the class of medication. proposed INN: list 99", "BMS Shells Out $85M Up Front for Alder's Mid-Stage Rheumatoid Arthritis Antibody", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). The stem -mab for monoclonal antibodies was proposed around 1990, and the current system with target and source substems was developed between 1991 and 1993. This MAB is also impossible to pronounce but you might recognize its brand name: Humira. USAN guidelines for non-proprietary names of monoclonal antibodies are as follows: an arbitrary prefix to create a unique name (officially monosyllabic) a suffix for the disease state; a suffix for the animal source-mab to identify it as a monoclonal antibody proposed INN: list 118", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). proposed INN: list 106", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). The remaining syllables of the INNs, as well as the column Source, are explained in Nomenclature of monoclonal antibodies. Bamlanivimab is a COVID-19 monoclonal antibody treatment. They target specic areas of the cancer cell that cancer cells with special mAb that connects the two (e.g. A second word following the name of the antibody indicates that another substance is attached,[2] which is done for several reasons. [26], The World Health Organization (WHO) introduced the system of International Nonproprietary Names in 1950, with the first INN list being published three years later. For polyclonal mixtures of antibodies, "-pab" is used. Local anesthetic: reders specific portion of body insensitive to pain by interfering w/nerve transmission, used for surgical, dental or diagnostic procedures and chronic pain. If the constant region is replaced with the human form, the antibody is termed chimeric and the substem used was -xi-. proposed INN: list 108", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). proposed INN: list 111", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). IG format (for IG fragments or constructs); e.g., Fab, scFv, scFv-scFv, VH-VH, etc. Because many antibodies are investigated for several tumor types, the new convention only has -t(u)-. For example, adalimumab biosimilars are numerous and have the following distinguishing suffixes: -atto, -adbm, -adaz, -bwwd, and -afzb. At the end of a generic drug name, -mab indicates that the drug is a monoclonal antibody. These drugs, termed trifunctional antibodies, had the substem -axo-.[14]. proposed INN: list 66", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). It contains usage information, categories and other content that is not part of the original template page. Therapeutic intervention using antibodies have been very successful, particularly in cancer and inflammatory diseases, which were Prefix, Root, and Suffix Generic names tend to follow patterns, with prefixes, Roots, and suffixes often determining the class of medication. proposed INN: list 116", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). factors, "General policies for monoclonal antibodies", "The use of stems in the selection of International Nonproprietary Names (INN) for pharmaceutical substances", "Revised monoclonal antibody (mAb) nomenclature scheme", International Nonproprietary Names (INN) for biological and biotechnological substances (a review), "Guidelines on the Use of International Nonproprietary Names (INNs) for Pharmaceutical Substances", "International Nonproprietary Names for Pharmaceutical Substances (INN)", "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1901", "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1984", "Statement on a Nonproprietary name adopted by the USAN Council: Olaratumab", "64th Consultation on International Nonproprietary Names for Pharmaceutical Substances, Geneva, 4-7 April 2017 Executive Summary", "Changes to International Nonproprietary Names for antibody therapeutics 2017 and beyond: of mice, men and more", "International Nonproprietary Names (INN) for Pharmaceutical Substances: Names for radicals & groups comprehensive list", "Statement On A Nonproprietary Name Adopted By The Usan Council - Rozrolimupab", "Statement on a Nonproprietary name adopted by the USAN Council: Benralizumab", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nomenclature_of_monoclonal_antibodies&oldid=1007286574, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. The following table gives a list of the prefix, root, and suffix for some common medications. proposed INN: list 95", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). The prefix, infix, and suffix are highlighted as well as the conventions typically used to signify a unique product, target (tu for tumor target), the source or origin of an antibody (zu for humanized form), and the kind of antibody product (mab for monoclonal antibody). -mul-, for example, is never reduced to -mu- because no chimeric or humanized antibodies targeting the musculoskeletal system ever received an INN. Learn drug suffix with free interactive flashcards. The -pab suffix applies to polyclonal pools of recombinant monoclonal antibodies, as opposed to polyclonal antibody preparations isolated from blood. Combination of target and source substems results in endings like -limumab (immune system, human) or -ciximab (circulatory system, chimeric, consonant r dropped). 2013). proposed INN: list 74", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). Local anesthetics-cillin. When used as drugs, the International Nonproprietary Names (INNs) end in -mab. This is the case for antigen-binding fragments and single-chain variable fragments, among other artificial proteins. As of October 2020, drug companies Regeneron and Eli Lilly were conducting They have a wide range of applications including medical uses. IgG1 kappa, IgG1 lambda, etc. Thats because the generic drug name has to have mab as its suffix. 37 Related Question Answers Found What is Umab? Those drugs having propyl amino side chain are named with suffix -promazine and those with piperazine side chain are named either -phenazine or -promazine. Cancer treatments using mAb drugs is achieved via various modes of action. ASK YOURSELF: Oxo Corporation has made a mAb by combining one set of variable regions from a mouse and one from a rat; its against two rattlesnake venom epitopes. Monoclonal antibody therapy is one of the most successful treatment strategies for cancer. proposed INN: list 79", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). Dissecting the names of biologics and related drugs helps in the pronunciation and prediction of their properties. proposed INN: list 117", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). Even if we havent seen the medicine name before, we can infer what the medicine is used to treat and what mechanism of action it has. This page was last edited on 17 February 2021, at 09:16. Adverse Effects: spinal headache with spinal anesthesia. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are a large subset of biologics that have their own specific naming scheme. This is a list of therapeutic, diagnostic and preventive monoclonal antibodies, antibodies that are clones of a single parent cell. -azepam: antianxiety drugs/benzodiazepine. Standard names for biologics, including monoclonal antibodies, use stems. These are officially called substems and sometimes erroneously infixes, even by the USAN Council itself.[1]. Today, monoclonal antibody use extends well beyond the management of COVID-19. -mab: Monoclonal antibodies: imciromab; abciximab; capromab; dacliximab; detumomab; proposed INN: list 101", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). Segment one is a prefix and should be random and distinctive. Here are some classics: Adalimumab is one of the most successful drugs in history. Suffix (type of drug) Using this convention, all monoclonal antibody drugs (except the first, muromonab), end with the common suffix mab, for monoclonal antibody. This is a list of therapeutic, diagnostic and preventive monoclonal antibodies, antibodies that are clones of a single parent cell.When used as drugs, the International Nonproprietary Names (INNs) end in -mab. The World Health Organization (WHO) dictates the names of generic drugs. But the generic naming rules do not stop there. Specific drugs target different types of cell and may be monoclonal antibodies with the suffix -mab or small molecules with the suffix -nib. Oral hypoglygemics-iam. Antibody Drug Nomenclature Presentation Overview *** www.ama-assn.org Monoclonal Antibody Rules (requires free registration) A chimeric antibody is one for which both chain types are chimeric as a result of antibody engineering. The remaining syllables of the INNs, as well as the column Source, are explained in Nomenclature of monoclonal antibodies. These Root words are combined with a SUFFIX, selected classes of drugs. The suffix "zomib" is the designation for protease or proteasome inhibitors. proposed INN: list 103", "Prometheus Obtains Exclusive US Commercialization Rights for RENCAREX", "Results from Cure Brain Cancer Foundation-funded trial show promise", "Zoetis launches breakthrough treatment for canine atopic dermatitis", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). Edre-col-o-mab. Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act) on or before March 23, 2020, when such products are deemed to be licensed under section 351 of the PHS Act on March 23, 2020 (section This and the following two names would look the same if the new convention were applied. If you and your doctor are considering using a monoclonal antibody drug as part of your cancer treatment, find out what to expect from this therapy. Anti-ulcer agents-done. The suffix "-mab" is used for monoclonal antibodies, antibody fragments and radiolabeled antibodies. Identify important drug interactions.! The final letter may be dropped if the resulting name would be difficult to pronounce otherwise. Typically, a monoclonal antibody name has four segments and five syllables. These drugs are commonly employed in a variety of cancer therapies. International Nonproprietary Names (INNs) for monoclonal antibodies shall be composed of a prefix that can be anything, a target (substem A), a species of origin (substem B), and a suffix (-mab) [2]. [2], Rat/mouse hybrid antibodies can be engineered with binding sites for two different antigens. proposed INN: list 89", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). proposed INN: list 93", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). The World Health Organization (WHO) dictates the names of generic drugs. New drugs specifically developed to control these targets are collectively named "targeted therapies". Until 2009, more than 170 monoclonal antibodies received names following this nomenclature. proposed INN: list 109", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). Origin substems were developed to classify antibodies based upon their humanness and with the assumption that this would correlate with immunogenicity in patients. The first licenced monoclonal antibody was Orthoclone OKT3. In 2015, the FDA approved ixazomib (Ninlaro; Takeda Oncology) for multiple myeloma. The American Medical Association established guidelines for naming of monoclonal antibody drugs. The following table gives a list of the prefix, root, and suffix for some common medications. Choose from 500 different sets of drug suffix flashcards on Quizlet. Also Know, why do many drug names end in Mab? Typically, a monoclonal antibody name has four segments and five syllables. Most currently marketed antibody names end with mab, which indicates that the drug is a monoclonal antibody. proposed INN: list 92", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). proposed INN: list 96", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). For example, human antibodies targeting the immune system receive names ending in -lumab instead of the old -limumab. [12][13] To avoid this, parts of the antibody can be replaced with human amino acid sequences, or pure human antibodies can be engineered. Below, weve tabulated many of the most commonly encountered medicine prefixes and suffixes; a great tool to aid your study of pharmacology. Antibiotics proposed INN: list 115", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). So far, nearly 79 mAb drugs have been approved for clinical use and more than 500 are in the clinical development pipeline. [22] A year after the discovery, Paul Ehrlich used the term antibodies (German Antikrper) for these antitoxins. Prefix, Root, and Suffix Generic names tend to follow patterns, with prefixes, Roots, and suffixes often determining the class of medication. proposed INN: list 85", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). Finally, the suffix -mab- simply stands for monoclonal antibody. All monoclonal antibody names end with the stem -mab. proposed INN: list 77", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). Identify generic terms associated with a class of drugs. INNs for Monoclonal Antibodies. USAN guidelines for non-proprietary names of monoclonal antibodies are as follows: 1. an arbitrary prefix to create a unique name (officially monosyllabic) 2. a suffix for the disease state 3. a suffix for the animal source 4. That is, all the drugs ending with suffix -pril are ACE inhibitors. International Nonproprietary Names (INNs) for monoclonal antibodies shall be composed of a prefix that can be anything, a target (substem A), a species of origin (substem B), and a suffix (-mab) [2]. Contraindications: allergy. So far, nearly 79 mAb drugs have been approved for clinical use and more than 500 are in the clinical development pipeline. The -pab suffix applies to polyclonal pools of recombinant monoclonal antibodies, as opposed to proposed INN: list 105", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). proposed INN: list 113", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). proposed INN: list 90", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). 8 . proposed INN: list 94", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). Finally, the generic name also has to be globally approved because patients, doctors and diseases have the annoying habit of moving around. The common stem indicates that the product contains an immunoglobulin-binding domain that binds to a defined target region. Naming of monoclonal antibody drugs. 1. Prefixes, infixes, and suffixes for monoclonal antibody nomenclature (generic names) Prefix Target infix Source infix Suffix Varies, should be euphonious Other antibody parts (such as Fc regions) and antibody mimetics use different naming schemes. Basic Classifications of Drugs Based on Suffix. Figure by Author New system. There are about 800 of them, but Ive put the most common ones by alphabetically by physiologic classification that I explain in detail in the Memorizing Pharmacology book. Monoclonal antibody drug name substems and what they denote (adapted from WHO. -mab introduced as the stem for monoclonal antibodies in 1990. Becoming familiar with drug prefixes and suffixes, then, opens up an enormous opportunity not only to commit drug classes and members to memory but also side effects and drug interactions, too. Therapeutic intervention using antibodies have been very successful, particularly in cancer and inflammatory diseases, which were previously considered as very difficult to treat. Table 1. Targeted drugs zero in on some of the changes that make cancer cells dierent. Therefore, the drug is a humanized monoclonal antibody used against a tumor. [1], New and shorter target substems were adopted in 2009. Explain the importance of bioequivalence. New drugs specifically developed to control these targets are collectively named "targeted therapies". Unlike most other pharmaceuticals, monoclonal antibody nomenclature uses different preceding word parts (morphemes) depending on structure and function. Cindi Bell MS RN - Mar 02, 2017 - 11 min read. Part of the variable regions may also be substituted, in which case it is called humanized and -zu- was used; typically, everything is replaced except the complementarity-determining regions (CDRs), the three loops of amino acid sequences at the outside of each variable region that bind to the target structure, although some other residues may have to remain non-human in order to achieve good binding. Edre-col-o-mab. Mibs are small molecules that work inside cancer cells to slow proliferation and increase apoptosis (cell death). [9], These non-human antibodies are recognized as foreign by the human immune system and may be rapidly cleared from the body, provoke an allergic reaction, or both. All monoclonal antibody names end with the stem -mab. proposed INN: list 112", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). Thus, the human/mouse chimeric antibody basiliximab ends in -ximab just as does the human/macaque antibody gomiliximab. proposed INN: list 80", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). Even antibodies targeting exactly the same structure are differently prefixed, such as the adalimumab and golimumab, both of which are TNF inhibitors but differ in their chemical structure.[15][16]. In general, word stems are used to identify classes of drugs, in most cases placed word-finally. In the naming scheme as originally developed, these substems mostly consist of a consonant, a vowel, then another consonant. Typically, a monoclonal antibody name has four Some endings like -ciximab remain unchanged. Sub-stem B for this drug is -o-, which indicates it is derived from a mouse source. This is a documentation subpage for Template:Infobox drug/mab source. Diabetic Foot Syndrome- what it means to the medical student What do they denote? proposed INN: list 86", "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN). Opioid analgesics-ide. The suffix -mab is used for monoclonal antibodies, antibody fragments and radiolabeled antibodies.For polyclonal mixtures of antibodies, -pab is used. In the US, the United States Adopted Names system is an industry standard that keeps track of drug names and establishes standards in naming conventions. Examples of targets are tumors, organ systems like the circulatory system, or infectious agents like bacteria or viruses. Monoclonal antibodies are biological drugs used to treat cancers, certain types of arthritis, lupus, MS, and IBD. The abbreviations in the column Type are as follows: This list of over 500 monoclonal antibodies includes approved and investigational drugs as well as drugs that have been withdrawn from market; consequently, the column Use does not necessarily indicate clinical usage. Pic courtesy: cancerresearchuk.org. In the previous article, we have discussed 40 categories of drugs with unique suffix. For polyclonal mixtures of antibodies, "-pab" is used. [1] The first monoclonal antibodies were produced in mice (substem -o-, yielding the ending -omab; usually Mus musculus, the house mouse) or other non-human organisms. Partly chimeric and partly humanized antibodies used -xizu-. The suffix must reflect the class of drug that the new product belongs to. The term monoclonal antibody means that the man-made antibody is synthesized from cloned immune cells, and the identical monoclonal antibody produced binds to one type of antigen. The name of the breast cancer medication trastuzumab can be analyzed as tras-tu-zu-mab. blinatumomab) G. CAR T-cells 2/26/17 5 2/26/17 17 2/26/17 Types of Targeted Therapies mAbs: Monoclonal [28], In April 2017, at the WHO's 64th Consultation on International Nonproprietary Names for Pharmaceutical Substances, it was decided to drop the source substem and from that meeting onwards, it is no longer used in new antibody names. The stem -mab is used for monoclonal antibodies as well as for their fragments, as long as at least one variable domain (the domain that contains the target binding structure) is included. The term target does not imply what sort of action the antibody exerts. Antibiotics-dine. One of the toughest parts of preparing for the NCLEX is pharmacology.