Watson, J. Finally, the nurse conducts an evaluation. All Rights Reserved, Nursing Theories and a Philosophy of Nursing, A Statistical Look at Patient-Centered Care, Nemours Brings Nursing Opportunities to Central Florida, How Have the Sequester Cuts Affected Nursing and Health Care, Nursing: The Philosophy and Science of Caring, Revised Edition, Human Caring Science: A Theory of Nursing, Second Edition (Watson, Nursing: Human Science and Human Care), Nursing: Human Science And Human Care (Watson, Nursing: Human Science and Human Care), Assessing and Measuring Caring in Nursing and Health Science: Second Edition (Watson, Assessing and Measuring Caring in Nursing and Health Science), Creating a Caring Science Curriculum: An Emancipatory Pedagogy for Nursing, Toward a Caring Curriculum: A New Pedagogy for Nursing, Measuring Caring: International Research on Caritas as Healing, The Ethics of Care and the Ethics of Cure: Synthesis in Chronicity, Linking Medical Care and Community Services: Practical Models for Bridging the Gap, The Caritas Path to Peace: A Guidebook for Creating World Peace with Caring, Love, and Compassion (Volume 1), Watson’s Philosophy and Science of Caring. Watson’s theoretical concepts, such as use of self, patient-identified needs, the caring process, and the spiritual sense of being human, may help nurses and their patients to find meaning and harmony during a period of increasing complexity. (5) A caring environment is one that offers the development of potential while allowing the patient to choose the best action for him or herself at a given point in time. The present is more subjectively real and the past is more objectively real. In McEwen, M. and Wills, E. Human is viewed as greater than and different from the sum of his or her parts. Watson's Theory of Caring Jane Padilla NUR/403 January 15, 2013 Julie Ann Hankins This paper will talk about Dr. Jean Watson, her theory background, and will provide the concepts of her theory. To apply Jean Watson's nursing theory into nursing, nurses need to create a caring, personal relationship with the patient, according to the Watson Caring Science Institute and International Caritas Consortium. She believes that a holistic approach to health care is central to the practice of caring in nursing. The nursing process outlined in Watson’s model contains the same steps as the scientific research process: assessment, plan, intervention, and evaluation. Watson states: “Caring (and nursing) has existed in every society. Watson's theory was first published in … The following publications reflect the evolution of her theory of caring from her ideas about the philosophy and science of caring. The human being is defined as “…a valued person in and of him or herself to be cared for, respected, nurtured, understood and assisted; in general a philosophical view of a person as a fully functional integrated self. Caring for patients promotes growth; a caring environment accepts a person as he or she is, and looks to what he or she may become. These activities involve national and international scholars in residence, as well as international connections with colleagues around the world, such as Australia, Brazil, Canada, Korea, Japan, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, Scandinavia, Thailand, and Venezuela, among others. She has been a founder and a member of the Board of Boulder County Hospice, and numerous other collaborations with area health care facilities. “The systematic use of the scientific problem solving method for decision making” became “systematic use of a creative problem solving caring process” (in 2004 Watson website), “Creative use of self and all ways of knowing as part of the caring process; to engage in the artistry of caring-healing practices”, 7. Caring is central to nursing practice, and promotes health better than a simple medical cure. It is undeniable that technology has already been part of nursing’s whole paradigm with the evolving era of development. Transpersonal caring: This entails moving beyond personal ego into the spiritual sphere of caring cultivated by the caring movements. This would further increase the involvement of both the patient and the nurse when the experience is satisfying. Watson’s fifth book describes her personal journey to enhance understanding about caring science, spiritual practice, the concept and practice of care, and caring-healing work. The carative factors provide guidelines for nurse-patient interactions, an important aspect of patient care. It received the American Journal of Nursing 2005 Book of the Year Award. “The formation of a humanistic-altruistic system of values”, “Practice of loving-kindness and equanimity within the context of caring consciousness”, “Being authentically present and enabling and sustaining the deep belief system and subjective life-world of self and one being cared for”, 3. Jean Watson’s theory focuses on caring. Lower-order psychophysical needs include activity-inactivity and sexuality. During her deanship, she was instrumental in the development of a post-baccalaureate nursing curriculum in human caring, health, and healing that led to a Nursing Doctorate (ND), a professional clinical doctoral degree that in 2005 became the Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) degree. Health, meanwhile, is defined as a high level of overall physical, mental, and social functioning; a general adaptive-maintenance level of daily functioning; and the absence of illness, or the presence of efforts leading to the absence of illness. Some have suggested that it takes too much time to incorporate the Caritas into practice, and some note that Watson’s personal growth emphasis is a quality “that while appealing to some may not appeal to others.”. Watson began developing her theory while she was assistant dean of the undergraduate program at the University of Colorado, and it evolved into planning and implementation of its nursing Ph.D. program. Her extensive travels from the Far East through Europe in later years had help her initial theory to expand and incorporate the eastern and western patient care and medicine. (Ed.). The first three factors form the “philosophical foundation” for the science of caring, and the remaining seven come from that foundation. You may also like the following nursing theories study guides: With contributions by Wayne, G. (for Biography), Vera, M., Ramirez, Q. Jean Watson has been active and hardworking in many community programs during her career. Her work was influenced by her teaching experience and was created as a way to find common meaning among nurses from all over the world. Human Science and Human Care – A Theory of Nursing (1985). T ‌‌‌‍‍‌‍‍‌‌‌‌‍‍‌‍‍‍‌ his is a Theory Critique Formal Paper of the theorist Jean Watson. The nursing model states that “nursing is concerned with promoting health, preventing illness, caring for the sick, and restoring health.” It focuses on health promotion, as well as the treatment of diseases. Her concepts guide the nurse to an ideal quality nursing care provided for the patient. She was the youngest of eight children and was surrounded by an extended family–community environment. One advantage to Watson’s Philosophy and Science of Caring theory is that it creates a generalized framework for nursing that can be applied to a variety of situations and patients. Caring is the center of this entire way of thinking, and by putting caring first our patients is made the priority. “The provision of supportive, protective, and (or) corrective mental, physical, societal, and spiritual environment”, “Creating healing environment at all levels (physical as well as nonphysical, subtle environment of energy and consciousness, whereby wholeness, beauty, comfort, dignity, and peace are potentiated)”, 9. Jean is known because of her Theory of Human Caring and ten Caritas processes which act as a blueprint for the nursing practice. © 2021 Nurseslabs | Ut in Omnibus Glorificetur Deus! Many men and women enter the nursing field because they see it as a career that cares about people. According to Watson’s theory, “Nursing is concerned with promoting health, preventing illness, caring for the sick, and restoring health.” It focuses on health promotion, as well as the treatment of diseases. Nursing: The Philosophy and Science of Caring (1979). When nurses and nursing students first encounter the Theory of Human Caring, they often are baffled or overwhelmed by the words and phrases used by its author, nursing theorist Jean Watson, RN, PhD, AHN-bc, FAAN, a professor at the University of Colorado, Denver College of Nursing. Next in line are the lower-order psychophysical needs or functional needs. Watson devised 10 caring needs specific carative factors critical to the caring human experience that need to be addressed by nurses with their patients when in a caring role. Watson has authored 11 books, shared in authorship of six books, and has written countless articles in nursing journals. Watson’s theory continues to provide a useful and important metaphysical orientation for the delivery of nursing care. nursing practice. Jean Watson is an internationally-recognized nurse theorist and nursing professor. Watson defines the person as a being in the world comprised of body, mind, and spirit. Angelo aims to build a good foundation for aspiring nurses. The model can be used to guide and improve practice as it can equip healthcare providers with the most satisfying aspects of practice and can provide the client with holistic care. Watson stated the term “soul-satisfying” when giving out care for the clients. Watson, J. Additionally, she believed that a holistic approach to care is central to the practice of nursing. Watson served as faculty at the University of Colorado Health Science Center, dean of the School of Nursing, and fouding Dorector of t… One of the gifts through the suffering was the privilege of experiencing and receiving my own theory through the care from my husband and loving nurse friends and colleagues.” These two personal life-altering events contributed to writing her third book, Postmodern Nursing and Beyond. Watson, J. The caring theory is a theoretical framework developed by Jean Watson to help enhance nursing practice, management, education and research. Herein, is Jean Watson's theory a grand theory? This is the implementation of the developed plan and includes the collection of the data. Some of Jean Watson’s other works include: Jean Watson’s Philosophy and Science of Caring addresses how nurses express care to their patients. Caring is the essence of nursing and connotes responsiveness between the nurse and the person; the nurse co-participates with the person. Through her practice, she observed the effect of authentic caring on patients and the resultant health outcomes. In 2005, she took a sabbatical for a walking pilgrimage in the Spanish El Camino. Her books include Nursing: The Philosophy and Science of Caring, Revised Edition , which was published in 2008. “The promotion and acceptance of the expression of positive and negative feelings”, “Being present to, and supportive of, the expression of positive and negative feelings as a connection with deeper spirit and self and the one-being-cared for”, 6. (1999). In McEwen, M. and Wills, E. Within assisting with the gratification of human needs, Watson’s hierarchy of needs begins with lower-order biophysical needs or survival needs, which include the need for food and fluid, elimination, and ventilation. Step three is intervention. She is a Distinguished and/or Endowed Lecturer at national universities, including Boston College, Catholic University, Adelphi University, Columbia University-Teachers College, State University of New York, and at universities and scholarly meetings in numerous foreign countries. Jean Watson’s theory assumptions related to person, health, nursing, and environment Watson defines the person as of the world and using mind, body, and. He would like to impart the importance of understanding nursing theories that he hopes to be translated successfully to practice. Watson has six honorary degrees, including an International Honorary Doctorate from the University of Montreal in Quebec, Canada in 2003, and an Honorary Doctor of Sciences in Nursing from the University of Victoria in British Columbia, Canada in 2010. Teach these boys and girls nothing but Facts….little vessels…ready to have imperial gallons of facts […] Both are fully present in the moment and feel a union with the other; they share a phenomenal field that becomes part of the life story of both. Jean Watson was born Margaret Jean Harmon and grew up in the small town of Welch, West Virginia, in the Appalachian Mountains. In 1997, she experienced an accidental injury that resulted in the loss of her left eye and soon after, in 1998, her husband died. Watson’s 10 carative factors are: (1) forming humanistic-altruistic value systems, (2) instilling faith-hope, (3) cultivating a sensitivity to self and others, (4) developing a helping-trust relationship, (5) promoting an expression of feelings, (6) using problem-solving for decision-making, (7) promoting teaching-learning, (8) promoting a supportive environment, (9) assisting with gratification of human needs, and (10) allowing for existential-phenomenological forces. “The allowance for existential-phenomenological forces” became “allowance for existential-phenomenological spiritual forces” (in 2004 Watson website), “Opening and attending to spiritual-mysterious and existential dimensions of one’s own life-death; soul care for self and the one-being-cared for”, Dr. Jean Watson. A caring attitude is not transmitted from generation to generation by genes. According to her theory, caring can be demonstrated and practiced by nurses. According to her theory, caring can be demonstrated and practiced by nurses. Watson’s 1913 article ‘Psychology as the Behaviorist Views it’ promoted a change in the field of psychology. She was involved in planning and implementation of the nursing PhD program and served as coordinator and director of the PhD program between 1978 and 1981. Creating a care plan helps the nurse determine how variables would be examined or measured, and what data would be collected. Theory description - Jean Watson: Caring Science. Watson's theory was influenced by several philosophers and thinkers including Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers, and Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, each of whom were pioneers in creating the concept of transpersonal. Society provides the values that determine how one should behave and what goals one should strive toward. At Redlands Community Hospital, nursing has embraced the theory of Jean Watson’s Caring Science. She currently holds an endowed chair at the University of Colorado, and in 2008, she created the Watson Caring Science Institute to help spread her nursing theory and ideas. Caring consists of carative factors. Finally, the evaluation analyzes the data, interprets the results, and may lead to an additional hypothesis. In George, J. Watson’s theory is best understood as a moral and philosophical basis for nursing. Although the theory does not lend itself easily to research conducted through traditional scientific methods, recent qualitative nursing approaches are appropriate. (4) Caring responses accept the patient as he or she is now, as well as what he or she may become. Development is a reaction to rewards (for example star charts, treats and/or stickers), punishments and reinforcement (for example; praise and encouragement) Experience helps the child learn what is good behaviour and what is unacceptable behaviour.